Dec
31
What can be done, and in a reasonable amount of time, to give your body a chance to function the way it was intended? Let’s face it, in this busy world we live in, we don’t get enough exercise, enough nutrition, or even practice any kind of stress management on any sort of schedule, and in some cases, not at all.
There are three main components to a healthy lifestyle, Eat right, Supplement, and Exercise. All three are essential to your body getting enough fuel to function and burn off the extra of what we don’t need. Here are a few tips to help get you started.
Diet
Eating healthily will also help you shift a few pounds if you’re overweight, and you’ll feel fantastic because your energy levels will soar. False highs from caffeine and sugar leave you feeling low afterwards. It’s easy to eat too much of the wrong foods because they are convenient and seemingly cheaper. A healthy balanced diet can be enjoyable, cheap and easy – you just have to try it and you’ll see and feel the difference. Following these tips will help you feel great all day:
• Aim for five portions of fruit and vegetables a day (try a variety)
• Eat what you enjoy, but in moderation (you need a combination of carbohydrates, protein and fat).
• Eat regularly but control your portion size (don’t pile up your plate, and stop eating when you’re full).
• Swap white rice, pasta and bread for the whole grain variety to increase your fibre intake and make you feel fuller.
• Keep an eye on how much salt is in your food (an adult should have no more than 6g per day).
• Swap saturated fat for unsaturated fat (try olive oil instead of butter).
• Eat fish instead of red meat (keep red meat to once or twice a week if possible).
Supplements
Most of us, even with a healthy diet, still need to supplement our diets with added vitamins and nutrients.
It’s important that your body gets enough vitamins and minerals every day in order to keep you fit and healthy. Vitamins and minerals are essential nutrients that your body needs in small amounts to work properly. Vitamins affect every part of your body, including the way your hair, nails and muscles develop and grow, your sight, the way you digest food, and your heart and your nervous system.
Even if you eat a balanced diet that includes food from all the major groups, there may be a need to take vitamin supplements. The food you eat will most likely provide you with a large amount the vitamins and minerals you need, but how many of us really eat the recommended 5 fruits and vegetables a day, drink 8 glasses of water and eat all of the essential groups of food that the pyramid of nutrition describes. Supplements should be used as a top-up if it is not possible to eat a healthy balanced diet – they aren’t a substitute for healthy eating, but let’s face it, how many of us have time? It is still recommended that you get most of your vitamins from food, but when you can’t, supplement!
Exercise
When it comes right down to it, our bodies were meant to move and actually crave the movement associated with exercise. When you exercise, your stamina is elevated over time; you strengthen and tone your muscles, enhance your flexibility, control your weight, and improve your quality of life.
To start a new program, you should always talk to your doctor first, especially if you have any type of health condition but for most of us it is just about finding the time and getting to a routine. If you are a beginner, start off slower than you think you should. Three days per week is realistic, safe and effective. If you are experienced, do cardiovascular exercises such as walking, jogging and bicycling. Weight training should be done no more than three times per week targeting the same muscle groups. Exercise the same muscle groups on non-consecutive days because muscles need adequate time to recover and cannot be effectively trained if they are tired or sore. Flexibility is important, so make the time! Stretching can be done every day, but stick to a minimum of three times per week in order to reap the benefits. When the body is warmed up, such as after a workout session, perform five to ten stretches that target the major muscle groups.
All of these things, in conjunction, will help you have enough energy to get through your busiest days and weeks with ease.
Dec
31
Introducing Co Enzyme Q10
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CoQ10 is a nutrient produced naturally in the body and found in the energy-producing centers of the cell, called mitochondria. CoQ10 plays an important role in energy metabolism and production of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), a basic energy molecule that provides energy to each cell of the body.
The highest amount of CoQ10 is found in the heart, kidneys, and liver. The amount of CoQ10 in the body decreases with age, stress, and through poor diet, necessitating supplementation. Using CoQ10 as a high blood pressure treatment also requires extra doses through supplements. So how exactly does CoQ10 improve your body’s ability to cope with modern life, and lower high blood pressure?
CoQ10 helps widen arteries
A number of studies suggest that CoQ10 is an effective high blood pressure treatment by widening the brachial arteries. This increases the flow of blood by up to 38% and so lowering blood pressure. CoQ10 supplementation also helps in the treatment of hypertension by inhibiting inflammation of the arteries, which would otherwise constrict blood flow and increase pressure.
CoQ10 is a super antioxidant
A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial suggested a role for CoQ10 in the high blood pressure treatment removing cholesterol, a major cause of high blood pressure, from the blood vessels. CoQ10 is involved in the oxidation of cholesterol and the lowering of levels in the blood.
CoQ10 strengthens the heart
CoQ10 also protects the cells from free radical damage and strengthens the muscles, including the heart muscle, making it better cope with hypertension. If the heart has less strain on it then it is less likely to develop disease and the risk of heart attack is also reduced.
Research clearly shows that CoQ10 lowers blood pressure, and is an effective treatment for people with mild hypertension. Improvements in the condition of the patient were seen in 6-8 weeks. However it is still not completely clear that CoQ10 deficiency can cause high blood pressure in the first place. Therefore, even with a “normal” amount of CoQ10 in the body, extra supplements can help in high blood pressure treatment. It’s certainly less of a lifestyle change than giving up your job, and cheaper than air tickets to Tibet.
Dec
31
Gall bladder and its factor risks
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Among its factor risks we count: overweight, rapid weight loss, diabetes, treatment with birth control pills, females, age over 40, ethnicity, alchool consumption, heredity, high cholesterol and triglicerides, low calorie diets, immunosuppressive drugs, refined sugars and saturated fats, low diet in fibers, constipation, anemias, chrons disease. Other risks factors mentioned are: chronic heartburn, Atkins diet, use of antiacids.
Gall bladder problems and gallstones occur when sedentary life and an unhealthy diet of highly processed foods with fried foods, white flour, white sugar, hydrogenated mingle. The risk exists even if you eat or not fat foods because it may cause stasis and bile thickening. A study published in BMC Gastroenterology 2002 children are very sensible and the cases of gall bladder in children are rising.
Symptoms in gall bladder disease
Symptoms in gall bladder diseases are very much alike with symptoms in other diseases that’s why several tests are needed to determine exact the disease. Gas, bloating, burping, belching, tenderness even discomfort under the rib cage on the right side. Those symptoms are the common ones and they prevent an attack of gall bladder. Constipation and weight gain are also symptoms of gall bladder disease. An indigestion may be caused by the lack of bile to act on the fat substance from the meal. A stone could be blocking the flow of bile and the gall bladder is distended then it becomes inflamm
ed and its content gets infected. The gall bladder could be dyskinetic and the stasis of bile could be in the liver with the formation of sludges and calculi.
Gall bladder attack symptoms may occur any time at night or after a fatty meal, attacks last for 1-2 hours, may cause nausea and vomiting and severe pain in the back between the shoulders. After a true attack occurs, subsequent attacks are more frequent. Pains can appear in the upper abdomen or below the ribs on the right side they are rare, once in a while. It may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting and may spread in the right shoulder, the attack of pain can be severe and frequent and may have different durations from minutes to hours. Attacks are triggered by chocolate, cheese or pastry and other fatty foods.
Biliary dyskinesia meaning a disease of the gall bladder without the presence of gallstones, the gall bladder can’t empty its whole content, is a frequently disease in obese people. The problem could be with the sphincter of Oddi, the gall bladder’s muscles or a chronic inflammation. In this case the pain appears in the right upper quadrant. If you are suffering of biliary dyskinesia please answer briefly those questions: Do you follow a treatment for acidity? Do you take many anti-acids?
How often do you feel indigestion, heartburn, acid reflux in a week? Are you constipated most of the time? You may list any other symptom that you consider it affects your digestion.
Dec
31
Your Skin Care and Looking Good
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Caring for your skin and looking good involves three very important processes.
The processes we are talking about are; cleaning your skin properly, applying a moisturizer to it, and ensuring its protection.
Everything begins with cleanliness of course, for without it, all other processes would not be as effective or even work at all.
There are numerous skin care cleansers on sale, ranging from cheap to those which are exorbitantly priced. But you do not necessarily have to have those expensive items to achieve the results you desire.
To begin, first dissolve your makeup with an oil-based cream. This is a necessary step in the process to prepare your face prior to the application of the cleanser. When that’s done, any residue clogging up the skin pores will be removed when you apply the cleanser.
Make sure all traces of makeup are removed before going to bed. Makeup, left overnight, clogs up your pores and eventually causes all kinds of skin problems. There’s a saying, a night with your makeup on ages you by four; definitely something to avoid when on a “looking good” routine.
After washing, apply a good moisturizer. Remember, washing removes natural oils from your face whereas the moisturizer replaces it, and helps to keep your skin moist and soft.
Moisturize your face each day, and that includes the skin around your eyes and throat.
It’s also well known, if left unprotected against the elements, your skin will age fast. It goes without saying; you need to protect your skin against them too.
No doubt, when you were at school, you had been taught that sunlight is good for the skin. But too much of it, especially during this day and age, will cause damage to your skin, and it may prove irreversible.
Being exposed to the sun is particularly destructive, because UV rays penetrate tissues and are detrimental to the underlying collagen that supports the skin. 70% of skin aging has been attributed directly to the sun.
To help protect your skin against sun damage, choose day moisturizers that have suitable SPF sun protection factors. This is important when you intend to be out in the sun for some prolonged period.
And yes, have your moisturizers on too when driving on sunny days.
It doesn’t stop there. Apply balms, i.e moisturizers, to your lips to prevent them parching out and becoming chapped.
Put on sunglasses and apply eye creams to protect the sensitive skin around your eyes. There are creams especially designed to reduce aging signs around the eye area, typically the incidence of fine lines. You can get rid of puffiness, dark circles, and smoothen the delicate area around your eyes when such creams are applied daily.
Why emphasize on skin care? You want to look good and have all the benefits that come with it; confidence, success, respect… and more. Your skin is the largest and most observable organ of your body; protect it with the care it deserves. Think about it, isn’t it great to have a good looking skin? Sure it is, because it’s right there on your face… for all to see.
Dec
30
The gastric and duodenal ulcer are known, in medical terms, as peptic ulcer. There are several treatments available for an ulcer. But there are things that your doctor must take into consideration before giving you an ulcer treatment.
In order to be more effective, the treatment for an ulcer will be given to you by your doctor considering:
- your age, what is your health state at the moment and your medical history;
- the extent of the ulcer is also very important;
- what medications you tolerate and what kind of procedures;
- your opinion is also asked for when giving you your ulcer treatment;
The main thing that doctors tell an ulcer patient is to change his/ her lifestyle. That means that if you have an ulcer, spicy foods and acidic foods must be avoided. If you have foods that you believe that increase the ulcer symptoms, you should try to avoid those as well. There has been shown that there isn’ t a diet in particular that will help with the ulcer, but certain things should be avoided. Furthermore, smoking is very bad for ulcer. This habit dealys the healing of the ulcer and also increases the risk of recurrence in your ulcer. So it is best that you stop smoking if you have an ulcer. Besides these changes that you have to ma
ke regarding your style of life, you will also be given an ulcer treatment involving medications. There are several medication types thare are given to ulcer patients. There are medications called H2 blockers against ulcer. What these drugs do is reduce the amount of acid that your stomach produces. They block histamine, which are the most powerful stimulant of the secretion
of acid, which causes the ulcer. The pump inhibitors are also drugs used against an ulcer, which also block the production of acid in your body. To protect the walls from the acid, your body also produces a mucous substance, which can be distroyed by bacteria. To protect this coating and heal ulcer, there are medications called acid pump inhibitors. Because the main cause of an ulcer is a bacteria, when doctors give you an ulcer treatment, along with these medications they also prescribe antibiotics.
In almost all ulcer cases, with the help of this ulcer treatment, patients will heal very quickly. Furthermore, if given a proper ulcer treatment, the risk of recurrence is almost eradicated. However, there are cases of ulcer when the treatment does not work. For these ulcer cases and for those that develop some complications, the only solution available is surgery.
Dec
30
Toronto Botox treatment Specialists
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Botox or Botulinum toxin is a protein that is used for cosmetic
treatment. Beauty and perfect skin are things each one of us desires .
Age can but do a lot of damage to otherwise youthful looks. With
wrinkles setting in, the effects can be depressing, both physically and
mentally.
With the advancements in medicine and science one does not have to live
with the wrinkles and facial lines anymore. There is a remedy and you
can regain the youthful looks without pain. Botox is the wonder
component that can make a remarkable difference to the skin type and
remove those unwanted lines on the face and give it the smooth perfect
look.
Botox treatment involves injecting of Botox into specific areas on the
skin which have wrinkles or lines. With the Botox injections the
muscles are relaxed or loosened in the area giving the outer skin a
smooth effect. Forehead lines, wrinkles, lines on the under eye can all
be repaired with the Botox treatment. The effects of the Botox
treatment last for a period of about 4 months after which the treatment
is repeated. Most patients are very happy with the effects and the
change that it has made to their look, and seek repeat sessions. After
some sessions of Botox treatments, the effects last longer between
treatments, and the frequency of these treatments decreases.
Botox must not be used by pregnant women or nursing mothers, or by persons having an albumin allergy.
Botox has been proven to be a safe for use as an element in cosmetic
treatment . This is proven by its track record of over 15 years. Botox
can have harmful effects if not administered by an experienced doctor.
Therefore, the selection of the medical institution and the doctor
providing the treatment is a very important decision. It would be best
to opt for an institution that has experience and expert doctors who
personally carry out the Botox treatment.
Treatments using Botox for cosmetic purposes have become very popular
over time, especially with it being used by several celebrities and
there being evidence of excellent results. The Botox treatment is not
painful and each session lasts only for about 15 minutes after which
the person can immediately get back to work. “No Pain, No Gain” is
proved wrong by the Botox treatment wherein one can actually gain new
youthful looks without much pain and the results are going to add to
the confidence levels in addition to providing great looks.
Dec
30
General discussion about ringworm
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Ringworm is a contagious fungus infection. It is caused by the virus called tinea and may affect many areas such as the scalp, the feet or the nails. The main causes of getting infected are direct skin to skin contact with an infected person, indirect contact which means the touching of an object with who an infected person got in contact, or in few cases, after contact with soil.
The incubation period for the virus called tinea is longer than 4 days, in some cases it could be about 7 days. After the contact with a person with ringworm there is a risk to get infected even if in few of the cases people do not get the infection.
If you noticed that you have got in contact with a person that is infected you need to check you skin for about a week after the contact. If it is for the first time it is good to know that this ringworm starts looking like a pimple that in some cases might itch. If it is not for the first time people will surely recognize the distinctive itch. After its appearance the zit expands and forms a ring. There comes its name the ringworm. If this infection is not treated from the beginning the formed ring expands and its middle starts to clear up and a red border can be seen.
The most effective treatment for ringworms is in the first phase a good wash of the zone. After a good wash of the zit the crust formed on it will be removed. Then medication should be applied to the exposed skin. There are many ways to avoid ringworms. After the appearance of the zit an acetone wash or an acetone with tolnaftate wash might help. One of the best ways to skip ringworms is Lamisil containing tolnaftate and terbinafine.
Menthol shampoos might also help in cleaning and prepping the ringworm. Even better than menthol shampoos are the iodine shampoos but this type is not easily available.
After washing with any of these indicated stuff people should know how to dry the infected area. For small areas tissues might do but for large areas a towel must be used. After its usage the towel must be washed in hot water for the virus to disappear.
When ringworm infected areas are dry it is recommended the usage of Lamisil. The effect of Lamisil will be seen the next day after its usage. Not like other treatments, Lamisil really kills the fungus, while other treatments only stop the fungus from reproducing.
Dec
29
A sinusitis infection may start off with common cold symptoms such as runny nose, cough, and congestion. But when it is not handled right away, it can lead to much more severe problems.
Sinusitis is generally caused by a cold or an allergy. When a cold or allergy takes place, swelling of the sinus cavity lining occurs. When bacteria enter the sinus cavities, they attack the swollen lining which then causes greater inflammation. The cilia usually flushes out the bacteria and mucus. When this amount of inflammation occurs, the cilia can no longer function as it should and so the bacteria and mucus end up becoming trapped in the cavities and as a result the sinusitis infection begins.
The problems which may occur with acute sinusitis may include cough, congestion, facial pain and pressure, headache, green nasal discharge, and postnasal drip. When the sinusitis infection lasts for twelve or more weeks it is known as chronic sinusitis and can have added problems such as loss of sense of taste and smell and fatigue may also be experienced. Other symptoms may also occur depending on which sinus cavity that the infection lies in.
There are numerous medications and treatments meant to help relive the problems that the sinusitis brings to the sufferer. One of the most common treatments is oral medications such as antibiotics, decongestants, and anti-fungals. Oral medications work on infections and other problems by traveling through the blood stream to the infected area. In the sinus cavities there are very few blood vessels. Since the oral medications use the blood stream to flow to the area where they are needed, only a small amount of the medication can be delivered to the sinusitis infection which may lead to little or
no relief from the treatment. Also since these medications use the blood stream, it then is distributed through out the rest of the body also which can lead to many side effects such as stomach pain, drowsiness, amongst many others depending on which type of medication is being used.
There are also many treatments which are directly distributed into the sinus cavities. These treatments are generally meant to help moisten the cilia so that it can flush out the trapped mucus and bacteria. Nasal sprays are commonly used and can be prescribed or purchased over the counter. The nasal sprays may offer some relief to the lower part of the sinuses but often times may not help the infection since their particle sizes are too large to make it past the inflammation at the opening of the sinus cavities and up to the sinusitis infection. The same holds true for a treatment called irrigation which distributes saline up to the sinus cavities. Irrigation is also very messy and generally unsuccessful in offering relief.
A newer treatment that is used nasally is aerosolized medications. Aerosolized medications are used very much like nebulized asthma medications. These antibiotics, anti-fungals, and anti-inflammatories are broken down into a small particle size so that it can pass the inflammation and make its way up to the sinusitis infection. Generally a small amount of these medications are used which results in little to no side effects in the rest of the body.
There are many different treatments which are meant to clear up the sinusitis and the problems which occur with it. It is important to find the treatment that works best for you and to treat the sinusitis before it worsens and surgery is then left as the only option.
Dec
29
Achilles Tendonitis – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Tips
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Achilles tendinitis is inflammation, irritation, and swelling of the Achilles tendon (the tendon that connects the muscles of the calf to the heel). Achilles tendonitis is also called tendonitis of the heel. Achilles tendonitis is a common overuse injury that tends to occur in middle-age recreational athletes. The overuse causes inflammation that can lead to pain and swelling. Furthermore, Achilles tendonitis can lead to small tears within the tendon, and make it susceptible to rupture. Achilles tendinitis often results from sports that place a lot of stress on your calf muscles and Achilles tendon, such as basketball. It also is often associated with a sudden increase in the intensity or frequency of exercise. So, if you’ve started on a new exercise kick and you’re pushing yourself too quickly, you may be at risk of developing Achilles tendinitis. When treated promptly, Achilles tendinitis is often short-lived. Left untreated, Achilles tendinitis could cause persistent pain or cause the tendon to tear (rupture). If so, you may need surgery to correct the damage. Fortunately, rest and over-the-counter medications to reduce the pain and inflammation may be all the treatment you need for Achilles tendinitis.
Achilles tendonitis is a condition of irritation and inflammation of the large tendon in the back of the ankle. It connects the large calf muscles (Gastrocnemius and Soleus) to the heal bone (calcaneus) and provides the power in the push off phase of the gait cycle. The achilles tendon can become inflamed through overuse as well as a number of contributory factors. The Achilles tendon has a poor blood supply which is why it is slow to heal. Achilles tendoinitis can be acute or chronic. Acute achilles tendinotis may happen as a result of overuse or training too much, too soon especially on hard surfaces or up hills. Treatment may include Cold compression therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, ultrasound therap
y, manual therapy techniques, a rehabilitation program, and in rare cases, application of a plaster cast. Steroid injection is sometimes used, but must be done after careful, expert consideration because it can increase the risk of tendon rupture. Severe cases may require surgery from an orthopedic surgeon. High load eccentric contractions have recently been shown to be very effective at decreasing the pain and strengthening the tendon. Prevention includes following appropriate exercise habits and wearing low-heeled shoes. An athletic trainer or physical trainer can prescribe safe exercise methods.
Causes of Achilles Tendonitis
There are many factors such as trauma, overuse, infection and diseases like arthritis that could lead to inflammation of tendon. Overuse is considered as the main common cause behind development of Achilles tendonitis. Tendonitis is common walkers, runners, and athletes who do a lot of jumping and running . Arthritis located around the heel can cause Achilles tendonitis. This occurs because when extra bony growths develop around joints, the tendon can become inflamed and painful.
Symptoms of Achilles Tendonitis
1. Severe pain in the heel when walking or running.
2. Swelling.
3. Warm tendon.
4. Swelling, tenderness and warmth of the Achilles tendon.
5. Redness over the skin.
6. Stiffness that lessens as your tendon warms up.
Treatment of Achilles Tendonitis
The most common treatments are: pain medication, anti-inflammatory medication (aspirin, ibuprofen) and physical therapy. Treatment for an Achilles tendon rupture includes surgery or a cast, splint, brace, walking boot, or other device that will keep your lower leg from moving (immobilization). This gives the Achilles tendon time to heal-generally 6 to 12 weeks. Although treatment for tendinopathy or a rupture takes time, healing is usually successful.
Dec
29
A bunion ( hallux valgus ) is a sometimes painful structural deformity of the bones and the joint between the foot and big toe. The enlargement actually represents additional bone formation, often in combination with a misalignment of the big toe. The normal position of the big toe (straight forward) becomes outward-directed toward the smaller toes. The enlarged joint at the base of the big toe (the first metatarsophalangeal joint) can become inflamed with redness, tenderness, and pain . A small fluid-filled sac ( bursa ) adjacent to the joint can also become inflamed ( bursitis ) leading to additional swelling, redness, and pain. Bunions can occur for a number of reasons, but a common cause is wearing shoes that fit too tightly. They can also develop as a result of inherited structural defect, injury, stress on your foot or another medical condition. Often, treatment involves conservative steps that may include changing your shoes, padding your bunion and wearing shoe inserts. Severe cases of bunions may require surgery to relieve the pain. Some of the symptoms of bunions include inflammation, swelling, and soreness on the side surface of the big toe. The discomfort commonly causes a patient to walk improperly. Another type of bunion which some individuals experience is called a Tailor’s Bunion, also known as a Bunionette. This forms on the outside of the foot towards the joint at the little toe. It is a smaller bump that forms due to the little toe moving inwards, towards the big toe.
A bunion is one problem that can develop due to hallux valgus, a foot deformity. The term “hallux valgus” is Latin and means a turning outward (valgus) of the big toe (hallux). Bunions result from inflammation and thickening of the bursa (fluid-filled sac in the connective tissue) and cause abnormal bone formation and misalignment of the toe. Bunions can be related to inflammation or to degenerative disease (e.g., osteoarthritis). They cause redness, tenderness, and pain, and alter the normal position of the first toe. “Hallux abductovalgus” (HAV) is a term that refers to the hallux going a
way (abducting) from the midline of the body and twisting so the inside edge touches the ground and the outside edge turns upward. Essentially, this term describes the deviation of the toe toward the outside of the foot. Bunions worsen over time and cause discomfort, difficulty walking, and skin problems such as corns and lesions.
Causes of Bunions
1. Family history of bunions.
2. In some cases, bunions can occur due to trauma or injury to the feet.
3. Rheumatoid or osteoarthritis.
4. Genetic and neuromuscular diseases which can result in a muscular imbalance such as Down’s syndrome.
5. If one leg is longer then the other, the longer leg is more inclined to develop a bunion.
6. The most important causative factor is poor fitting footwear. This accounts for an higher incidence among women then men.
Symptoms of Bunions
1. A bulging bump on the outside of the base of your big toe.
2. Pain or soreness.
3. Thickening of the skin at the base of your big toe.
4. Restricted movement of your big toe.
5. Persistent or intermittent pain.
6. A burning sensation
Treatment of Bunions
1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, may help to relieve pain.
2. Injection therapy. Although rarely used in bunion treatment, injections of corticosteroids may be useful in treating the inflamed bursa (fluid-filled sac located in a joint) sometimes seen with bunions.
3. Applying an ice pack several times a day helps reduce inflammation and pain.
4. Avoid activity that causes bunion pain, including standing for long periods of time.
5. Avoid high heeled shoes.
6. Apply a commercial bunion pad, making sure it is not too rigid or medicated.
7. A Bunion Shield can reduce the pain over the bunion.
8. Apply a moisturizer such as flexitol heel balm twice daily to hard skin or corns and use a pumice stone to reduce the thickness of the hard skin.